Over the years, vandalism has been a major threat to Nigeria’s oil production, revenue generation and energy security. It is a fact that Nigeria is an oil-endowed state, and statistics show that about 75% of Nigeria's foreign exchange earnings come from oil. Vandalism of oil pipelines in Nigeria has not only led to environmental degradation, such as fire outbreaks, but it has also had an enormous impact on the economy, resulting to decrease in electricity supply, loss of jobs, scarcity and shortage of petroleum products etc. The resultant effect poses a great danger to humanity and the ecosystem. Pipeline vandalism is a recurring crime in Nigeria, and it is important to understand the judiciary's role in ending this crime. While the government and private oil companies have utilised some structural measures to make the pipelines less exposed, they are still accessible and typically marked by signs that can be easily identified by community members who feel aggrieved by the unfulfilled expectations from the Multi-National Oil Companies (MNOCs). The judiciary plays a vital role in eradicating pipeline vandalism; however, many have lost confidence in the Nigerian Judicial system due to the various technicalities that frustrate litigations in Nigeria. This article shall examine the history of oil pipeline vandalism in Nigeria, the regulatory laws and authorities, the effects of vandalism on the Nigerian economy and the judiciary's role in eradicating oil pipe vandalism.