The World Health Organization (2009) identifies
entrenched cultural and social norms as significant factors contributing to
physical and intimate partner violence against women. In India, the dowry
system is a social custom that perpetuates the oppression, abuse, and killing
of women. This practice is commonly associated with arranged marriages, where
violence can erupt if the dowry or bride-price is considered inadequate.
Despite legal prohibitions, little progress has been made in India over the
last 30 years. The National Crime Records Bureau of India reported 8,618 female
deaths linked to dowry disputes in 2011, while the Asian Women’s Human Rights
Council (2009) estimates that dowry practices are connected to 25,000 deaths
and injuries among women aged 15–34 in India annually. A recent literature
review indicates that despite efforts by the Indian government, social
activists, and feminist groups, the situation has not improved over the past
decade; in fact, it has worsened, leading to a disturbingly high number of
deaths and injuries among women in India.
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